{"id":1,"date":"2022-06-18T13:52:47","date_gmt":"2022-06-18T13:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/?p=1"},"modified":"2025-05-25T16:22:28","modified_gmt":"2025-05-25T16:22:28","slug":"hello-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/?p=1","title":{"rendered":"Automating Passport Appointment Checks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

My partner recently needed to visit a very unwell family member overseas. But her current passport was about to expire, and we needed to renew it ASAP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The UK Government website has a way to fast-track the process, but it’s near-impossible to actually secure a slot. The slots appear randomly throughout the day and disappear within a minute of being posted. In other words, it’s a game of Russian roulette with you constantly refreshing the page every half hour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

After about a day or two of trying, I figured this is exactly the kind of situation Python excels at.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Goal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To automate checking for fast-track passport slots and notify us instantly with an email and an audible sound alert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Plan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Before doing something technical, I like to map out a workflow as it helps structure my approach. Here’s what it looked like:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Step 1: Setting Up<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

First, I imported these libraries:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • ‘requests’ and ‘BeautifulSoup’ for web scraping.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • ‘ctypes’ and ‘winsound’ to handle desktop notifications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • ‘smtplib’ and ’email’ to fire off email notifications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    import<\/span> <\/span>requests<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>bs4<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>BeautifulSoup<\/span><\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>time<\/span><\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>ctypes<\/span><\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>winsound<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>time<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>sleep<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>random<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>randint<\/span><\/span>\nimport<\/span> <\/span>smtplib<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>email<\/span>.<\/span>mime<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>MIMEText<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>email<\/span>.<\/span>mime<\/span>.<\/span>multipart<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>MIMEMultipart<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>email<\/span>.<\/span>mime<\/span>.<\/span>base<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>MIMEBase<\/span><\/span>\nfrom<\/span> <\/span>email<\/span> <\/span>import<\/span> <\/span>encoders<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    Step 2: Configuration<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    Next, I configured various parameters to control the script’s behaviour. This included a random sleep timer (to avoid being blocked by the website for looking like we’re trying to DDoS it with too many requests), the government page URL (so it knows where to find the slots), and the sound alert duration and frequency (to make sure we hear it!).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    duration<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1000<\/span><\/span>\nfreq<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>440<\/span><\/span>\nsleepTimer<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>randint<\/span>(<\/span>240<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>420<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\nurl<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>"<\/span>https:\/\/www.passportappointment.service.gov.uk\/messages\/AppointmentsAvailability.html<\/span>"<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    Step 3: Email Setup<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    Setting up the email aspect was pretty straightforward. I stored the sender and recipient email addresses and created a simple message template that spams “PASSPORT SLOT AVAILABLE!” to our inboxes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    email_user<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>xxx@gmail.com<\/span>'<\/span><\/span>\nemail_password<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span><\/span>\nemail_send<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>xxx@gmail.com<\/span>'<\/span><\/span>\nsubject<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>Passport Slot Available!<\/span>'<\/span><\/span>\nmsg<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>MIMEMultipart<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\nmsg<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>From<\/span>'<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>email_user<\/span><\/span>\nmsg<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>To<\/span>'<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>email_send<\/span><\/span>\nmsg<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>Subject<\/span>'<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>subject<\/span><\/span>\nbody<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>Fast-track passport slot available!<\/span>'<\/span><\/span>\nmsg<\/span>.<\/span>attach<\/span>(<\/span>MIMEText<\/span>(<\/span>body<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>plain<\/span>'<\/span>))<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    Step 4: Checking Slot Availability<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    The core function, availabilityChecker<\/code>, fetches the webpage, parses it, and looks for specific text indicating no available appointments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    If appointments are available, it triggers the email, audible alert and pop-up notification. In other words, there’s no reason we should miss it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    def<\/span> <\/span>availabilityChecker<\/span>():<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>r<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>requests<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>soup<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>BeautifulSoup<\/span>(<\/span>r<\/span>.<\/span>content<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>"<\/span>html.parser<\/span>"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>if<\/span> <\/span>"<\/span>Sorry, there are no available appointments<\/span>"<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>soup<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>:<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>print<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>No appointments available<\/span>"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>else<\/span>:<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>text<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>msg<\/span>.<\/span>as_string<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>server<\/span> <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>smtplib<\/span>.<\/span>SMTP<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>smtp.gmail.com<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>587<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>starttls<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>login<\/span>(<\/span>email_user<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>email_password<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>sendmail<\/span>(<\/span>email_user<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>email_send<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>text<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>server<\/span>.<\/span>quit<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>winsound<\/span>.<\/span>Beep<\/span>(<\/span>freq<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>duration<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>ctypes<\/span>.<\/span>windll<\/span>.<\/span>user32<\/span>.<\/span>MessageBoxW<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>"<\/span>Appointments are available, book now!<\/span>"<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>"<\/span>AvailabilityChecker<\/span>"<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    The email aspect is all handled within the script, but you’ll need to provide the correct port number for your email provider in order to set up the SMTP client session correctly. This is just so the email actually goes to the correct server, otherwise your notification will get lost in the ether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Step 5: Keeping it Running<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    To keep the script running, I set up an infinite loop to keep checking for available slots at random intervals between 4 to 7 minutes until I decide to turn it off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
    while<\/span> True<\/span>:<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>availabilityChecker<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>sleep<\/span>(<\/span>sleepTimer<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    The Results<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    After manually trying for days with no luck, this script helped us secure a slot within 3 hours! It’s not the prettiest code, but it worked…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    If you find yourself doing something repetitive and thinking “there’s got to be a better way,”: there probably is – and it probably involves python.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    My partner recently needed to visit a very unwell family member overseas. But her current passport was about to expire, and we needed to renew it ASAP. The UK Government website has a way to fast-track the process, but it’s near-impossible to actually secure a slot. The slots appear randomly throughout the day and disappear […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-ml-automation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":153,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions\/153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/26"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ghothi.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}